To make it clear: ContentId of attachments and linked resources is set by the mail client which creates the mail and it can be anything. There is no guarantee about it.
However, Rebex offers a new advanced feature which enables transformation of MS Outlook format messages (which contains no HTML) into more user friendly format. During this proccess, a HTML body is converted from rtf and if there were embedded images, we add ContentId in the special format mentioned above) and reference the images from the HtmlBody.
So a MailMessage which contains "cid:embedded-rtf-attachment-id{index}@rebex.net" within its HtmlBody will definitely contain an image in the mail.Resources collection. The other implication is not valid. The cid has to be in the exact specified format ending with @rebex.net.
Currently only embedded images (jpg, bmp, png or gif) are referenced from the Rebex generated HtmlBody). Other embedded attachments are only referenced in the html textually as <<attachment.filename>> and their ContentId can be null (and you can find them in mail.Attachments).